公务机客舱微小气候及空气质量分析

    谢馨艾，张倩，黑紫强

　　首都机场出入境检验检疫局航空器检疫处，北京，101300

　　摘要：目的  了解公务机客舱的卫生条件，加强对公务机的卫生检疫和监督。方法 选取了具有代表性机型的公务机，分别在关舱前、平飞阶段、落地后开舱前3个阶段，对其客舱进行温度、相对湿度、风速、照度、噪音、一氧化碳（CO）、二氧化碳（CO2）、可吸入颗粒物、甲醛及细菌总数等10个指标的监测，根据GB9673-1996《中华人民共和国公共交通工具卫生标准》和GBT18883-2002《室内空气质量标准》进行评价。结果 所有阶段的污染物指标（CO、CO2、可吸入颗粒物、甲醛及细菌总数）都达到国家标准，但是部分温度、相对湿度、照度和关舱前的风速和噪音指标超标。结论 公务机客舱微小气候和空气质量状况良好，出入境检验检疫部门应进一步有针对性地加强卫生监督管理。

　　关键词：公务机；客舱；微小气候；检疫；空气质量

　　中图分类号：R122.1  文献标识码：B

　　Analysis of microclimate and air quality in business jetcabins

　　XIE Xin-ai， ZHANG Qian， HEI Zi-qiang

　　Beijing Capital Airport Entry-Exit Inspection and QuarantineBureau， Beijing 101300， China

　　Abstract： Objective  To analyze sanitary conditions ofbusiness jet cabins， and to strengthen sanitary quarantine andsupervision of the business jet cabins. Methods  Business jetswith representative models were chosen to be investigated. For the3 stages of before， in and after flight， 10 indexes including airtemperature， relative humidity，  wind speed, illumination，noise, carbon monoxide （CO）， carbon dioxide （CO2）， inhalableparticles， formaldehyde and bacteria count of the business jetcabins are monitored， and the measured data were evaluatedaccording to the Hygienic Standard for Public Means ofTransportation （GB9673-1996） and Indoor Air Quality Standard（GBT18883-2002）. Results  All of the contamination indexes，such as CO， CO2， inhalable particles， formaldehyde and bacteriacount， accord with national standards during 3 stages， while partof theindexes exceed the standard， such as air temperature，relative humidity， illumination， and the wind speed and noisebefore cabins are closed. Conclusion  The microclimate and airquality of the business jet cabins are both  in goodcondition， and the entry-exit inspection and quarantine departmentsshould further strengthen the sanitary supervision and managementin a targeted manner.

　　Key words： Business jet； Cabin； Microclimate； Quarantine； Airquality

　　《中国国境卫生检疫杂志》2014年4期