采用HACCP体系对邮轮“诺如病毒感染”专题调研分析

    刘茂华，高军，顾立乾，吴克胜，戴炎焱，潘国

　　吴淞出入境检验检疫局，上海 200434

　　摘要：目的 通过对某邮轮诺如病毒感染相关专题调研，发现诺如病毒感染相关的危险因素，以进行针对性改进，降低邮轮群体性诺如病毒感染事件的发生风险。方法 通过4个航次的诺如病毒专题随船调研，采用查看工作记录、现场询问、快速检测等手段，采用HACCP体系对食品采购、贮存、加工、供餐、饮用水供应、卫生处理、疫情处置等方面做全面的危险分析，根据结果确定关键点，提出控制措施建议。结果 该邮轮在食品采购、贮存、加工和供应，饮用水供应，卫生处理，疫情处置方面都发现了一些问题和风险并提出了控制措施。其中蔬菜样本中检测出诺如病毒是最大的危险点，提示其蔬菜供应和加工环节特别需要采取控制措施。结论 通过有针对性的专题调研，利用HACCP原理对诺如病毒感染危险因素进行了针对性改善，降低了群体性感染事件的发生风险。

　　关键词：邮轮；诺如病毒；HACCP；调研

　　中图分类号：R516.1  文献标识码：B

　　Report on norovirus infection on a cruise ship

　　based on HACCP system

　　LIU Mao-hua， GAO Jun， GU Li-qian， WU Ke-sheng， DAI Yan-yan， PANGuo

　　Wusong Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Shanghai200434, China

　　Abstract:  Objective  To find out the risks associatedwith norovirus infection on the cruise ship through targetedinvestigations， and to improve the sanitation condition forreducing the risk of norovirus infection.  Methods  Aseries of measures on record check， on-site inquiries andinspection and rapid test were carried out during the 4 voyageswhen the supervisions conducted to investigate the programs of foodprocurement， storage， feeding， processing and supply， potable watersupply， sanitation treatment and management of an outbreak. Results  Problems and risks in food procurement，storage， feeding， processing and supply， potable water supply，sanitation treatment and management of an outbreak were found.Norovirus was detected in vegetable samples.  Conclusion The risk factors of norovirus infection were found, theimproper programs and reactions were rectified that reduced therisk of norovirus infection.

　　Key words:  Cruise ship； HACCP； Norovirus；Investigation

　　《中国国境卫生检疫杂志》2014年3期