旅检口岸传染病监测模式探讨

    杨家琦,赵辉,何小兵

　　罗湖出入境检验检疫局 广东 深圳 518000

　　摘要:目的   探讨如何完善旅检口岸“体温监测?+?健康申报?+?医学巡查”的传染病监测模式, 提高监测效率。方法   罗湖口岸2009年防控甲型H1N1疫情期间, 在健康申报和红外测温措施的基础上,创新性的开展了针对重点人群的第二道红外测温岗和特别查验通道, 通过对疫情防控效果进行回顾性分析,利用卡方检验比较各监测措施的筛查效率。结果   2009年5月2日开始至2009年12月31日,罗湖口岸共筛查出16?677名高危旅客, 最终确诊59例甲型H1N1流感病例, 通过健康申报发现3例, 第一道红外测温岗发现18例,第二道红外测温岗发现25例, 特别查验通道发现13例。健康申报筛查效率最低(0.1%, P≤0.001);疫情早期阳性病例主要通过第二道测温岗及特别查验通道发现。结论  第二道测温岗、特别查验通道等针对重点人群的传染病监测措施是对传统传染病监测模式的丰富和完善, 应进一步制度化和科学化,在疫情早期投入使用。

　　关键词:口岸; 传染病; 监测; 模式; 检疫

　　中图分类号:R181.8   文献标识码:B

　　Discussion on the mode of infectious disease surveillance atfrontier port

　　YANG Jia-qi,ZHAO Hui,HE Xiao-bing

　　Luohu Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau,Shenzhen,Guangdong  518000,China

　　Abstract:   Objective   To explore the traditionalmodes of "Temperature monitoring+Health declaration+Medicalinspection"  on infectious disease surveillance at ports, andto improve surveillance efficiency.   Methods   Duringthe 2009 influenza (H1N1) pandemic,the traditional measures such ashealth declaration and one infrared temperature measurement systemwere used to monitor infectious diseases. Meanwhile, the secondinfrared temperature measurement system and special inspectionchannel were taken to screen the key crowd. The retrospectiveanalysis were made to evaluate the efficacy of the varioussurveillance measures.   Results   During May 2-December31,2009, a total of 16 677 suspected cases with influenza(H1N1) were found.Finally,59 cases  were confirmed asinfluenza(H1N1) : In which 3 cases were found through healthdeclaration,18 cases were found through the first infraredtemperature measurement system, 25 cases were found through thesecond infrared temperature measurement system, 13 cases were foundthrough special inspection channel. Surveillance efficiency ofhealth declaration was the lowest, 0.1%, P?≤?0.001. Influenza(H1N1)cases were found mainly through the second infrared temperaturemeasurement system and special inspection channel during the earlyoutbreak of Pandemic (H1N1) 2009.   Conclusion   Theinfectious disease surveillance measures can screen the key crowdsuch as the second infrared temperature measurement system andspecial inspection channel,it is necessary to improve and perfectthe traditional mode of infectious disease surveillance at theborder port.

　　Key words:   Port; Infectious disease; Surveillance; Mode;Quarantine《中国国境卫生检疫杂志》2014年2期