裂谷热流行现状和检测研究进展

谈奕丝1，师永霞1，卓锦雪2，丁国允1，方盛藩1

　　1.广东出入境检验检疫局检验检疫技术中心，广东 广州 510700；2.广东国际旅行卫生保健中心

　　摘要：裂谷热是由裂谷热病毒引起的一种急性、烈性人畜共患疾病，主要影响绵羊、山羊和牛等牲畜，可以引起病畜死亡和流产，发病率与死亡率较高；同时也能传染人类，裂谷热传播途径主要通过人直接或间接接触被感染动物的血液或器官导致感染，人被携带病毒的蚊子叮咬也会受感染。裂谷热疫情主要在非洲地区流行，近年来已延伸至阿拉伯半岛，但目前为止，我国未见裂谷热疫情发生。为此笔者综合国内外文献，就裂谷热的流行特点、各种检测技术以及预防控制方面进行综述，为进一步开展裂谷热相关研究及口岸监测提供参考，降低疫情传入我国的风险。

　　关键词：裂谷热；流行特点；检测技术；预防控制

　　中图分类号：R181.3　文献标识码：B

　　Advance in epidemic status and detection of Rift Valleyfever

　　TAN Yi-si*, SHI Yong-xia, ZHUO Jin-xue, DING Guo-yun, FANGSheng-fan

　　*Technology Center, Guangdong Entry-Exit Inspection andQuarantine Bureal Guangzhou, Guangdong  510700,China

　　Abstract:   Rift Valley fever is an acute and potentzoonotic disease caused by the Rift Valley fever virus. Itprimarily causes sheep, goats, cattle and other animals death andabortion and leads to high morbidity and mortality. Rift Valleyfever can also infect humans and people are mainly transmittedthrough direct or indirect contact with infected animal blood andorgans, or bitten by virus-borne mosquitoes. Rift Valley fever isepidemic in the African region initially and has been extended tothe Arabian Peninsula in recent years. So far, no outbreak of RiftValley fever occurred in China. Therefore, the author reviewedepidemiological characteristics, various detection techniques andprevention and control measures of Rift Valley fever to carry outthe related research at ports and reduce the risk of disease intoChina.

　　Key words:   Rift valley fever; Epidemiologicalcharacteristics; Detection technology; Prevention and control

　　《中国国境卫生检疫杂志》2013年12月刊