蒙古高原鼠种及地理分布

郝广福1，孟传金1，李彬1，乔舜1，张胜1，王建军2，李宏1，王东胜1

　　1.内蒙古出入境检验检疫局卫检处，内蒙古 呼和浩特 010020；2.内蒙古地方病防治研究中心

　　摘要：目的 掌握蒙古高原范围内鼠种及地理分布情况，为鼠类监测及相关鼠传疾病的防治提供基础信息。方法搜集蒙古高原范围内公开发表的刊物和书刊相关材料，以及既往鼠类调查资料，进行整理、汇总、核对、补充和完善。结果跨中国、蒙古国、俄罗斯三国的蒙古高原范围内发现啮齿动物85种；其中，中国内蒙古自治区境内报道59种，蒙古国境内52种，俄罗斯西伯利亚地区67种；已发现染疫过的啮齿动物34种，中国内蒙古自治区境内报道27种，蒙古国境内14种，俄罗斯西伯利亚地区9种。结论跨中国、蒙古国、俄罗斯三国的蒙古高原分布鼠种多，染疫鼠种也多，具有传播鼠疫的风险，今后在疫源地的监测和宿主动物的检疫工作中应有足够的重视。

　　关键词：蒙古高原；鼠种；地理分布

　　中图分类号：R184.35　文献标识码：B

　　Rat species and geographic distribution in MongolianPlateau

　　HAO Guang-fu*, MENG Chuan-jin, LI Bin, QIAO Shun, ZHANGSheng,

　　WANG Jian-jun ,LI Hong, WANG Dong-sheng

　　*Inner Mongolia Entry-exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau，Huhhot, Inner Mongolia 010020, China

　　Abstract:   Objective   To master the rat species andgeographic distribution in Mongolian plateau, and to provide thebasic information for monitoring rats and controling and preventingdiseases.  Methods   The latest published literatures andbooks on the related information and the past rats investigationdata in Mongolian plateau were collected, summarized, supplementedand perfected.  Results   There were 85 species of ratsin the Mongolian plateau including Inner Mongolia of China,Mongolia and Siberia of Russia, among which 59 species in InnerMongolia of China, 52 species in Mongolia, and 67 species inSiberia of Russia. There were 34 species of rats infected withplague,among which 27 in Inner Mongolia of China,14 species inMongolia, and 9 species in Siberia of Russia.  Conclusion  There were many species of rat and species of rat infectedwith plague in Mongolian plateau including Inner Mongolia of China,Mongolia and Siberia of Russia, which can bring the risk ofspreading the plague，so we should pay attention to in the foci ofmedia monitoring and host animal quarantine work in future.

　　Key words:   Mongolian plateau; Rat species; Geographicdistribution

　　《中国国境卫生检疫杂志》2013年12月刊