肇庆新港口岸鼠形动物及其体表寄生虫本底调查

    吴葵爱，梁显中，刘成浩

    肇庆出入境检验检疫局新港检验检疫科，广东 肇庆 526060

    摘要：目的 了解肇庆新港鼠形动物的种群构成、季节消长和体表寄生虫携带情况。方法采用鼠笼法，每月1次，连续12个月。结果共捕获鼠形动物126只，经鉴定隶属2目2科4属7种，其中以褐家鼠为优势种，占捕获总数的45.24%，其次为臭鼩鼱,占27.78%。年均鼠密度为6.60%，高峰期出现在1、5、7月份。从71只活鼠体表检获寄生虫359只，其中蚤类8只，蜱类19只，螨类148只，虱类184只；鼠体蚤指数为0.11、蜱指数0.27、革螨指数2.09。结论肇庆新港鼠密度较高，离无鼠害口岸的标准（<1%）有较大距离，应继续加强鼠害监测和防治工作，进一步降低鼠密度，防止病媒传染病的发生。

    关键词：鼠形动物；种群；季节消长；寄生虫

    中图分类号：R184.35　文献标识码：B

    Investigation on rodents and their epizoas atZhaoqing Xingang port

    WU Kui-ai，LIANG Xian-zhong,LIU Cheng-hao

    Zhaoqing Entry-exit Inspection and QuarantineBureau Zhaoqing,Guangdong 526060,China

    Abstract:   Objective  To understand the situation of the population composition,seasonalgrowth and decline,epizoa (including flea, tick and mite) atZhaoqing Xingang port.   Methods   Cages wereused, which was taken for two days once a month, lasting fortwelve  months.   Results   A total of 126rodents  were collected and were divided into 2 orders 2families 4 genera 7 species, which Rattus norvegicus was thedominant species, accounting for 45.24%， followed by Suncusmurinus, accounting for 27.78%. The density of rats was 6.6rodents/cage, in January, May, and July. A total of 359 parasiteswere collected from the body surfaces of live rodents, including 8fleas, 19 ticks, 148 mites and 184 louse. The index of fleas,ticks, leather mites were 0.67, 0.27 and 2.09,respectively.   Conclusion    The rodentdensity of Zhaoqing xingang port is relatively high and it has along distance to reach to the goal of free rat harms atport(<1%). It is necessary to strengthen the prevention andcontrol of rodents,further reduce the rodents density so that theinfectinus diseases caused by rats can be prevented.

    Key words:   Rodent;Speciesgroup;Seasonal growth and decline; Epizoas

    《中国国境卫生检疫杂志》2013年第2期