船舶压载水中浮游植物入侵风险分析

    李小洪1，刘文正1，赵爽1，杨燕秋1，邓鲲鹏1，黄正华2

    1.盐田出入境检验检疫局，广东 深圳518081；2.深港产学研基地深圳市海岸与大气研究重点实验室

    摘要：目的对盐田港港区海域浮游植物及其相关生态环境做本底调查，并与船舶压载水中浮游植物种类与数量进行对比分析，了解浮游植物入侵风险，为船舶压载水管理提供依据。方法利用实验室技术对港区海水及船舶压载水进行采样分析，根据现场调查数据综合分析浮游植物外来种入侵风险。结果盐田港港区海水共检出浮游植物90种，其中硅藻占63.33%，甲藻占30.00%、金藻占5.56%、蓝藻占1.11%。监测的35份船舶压载水中均有盐田港港区海域未检测到的浮游植物种。结论船舶压载水中浮游植物与港区海水中浮游植物种群存在差异，存在外来种入侵风险，不同航线间的种群差异也较大，需加强对压载水的分类管理。

    关键词:盐田港;压载水;浮游植物;入侵风险

    中图分类号：R123.1　文献标识码：B

    Risk assessment of phytoplankton invasion ofballast water

    LI Xiao-hong*， LIU Wen-zheng, ZHAOShuang,YANG Yan-qiu,

    Deng Kun-peng, HUANG Zheng-hua

    *Yantian Entry-exit Inspection and QuarantineBureau，Shenzhen，Guangdong 518081，China

    Abstract:   Objective  To investigate phytoplankton and ecological environment of Yantianport sea areas, analyze the types and quantity of phytoplankton ofballast water， and to provide the basis for the management ofballast water.  Methods   The samples of sea waterand ballast water were collected and the spot survey data wascomprehensive analyzed.  Results   A total of 90kinds of phytoplankton were found, including 63.33% of diatoms,30.00% of dinoflagellates, 5.56% of golden algae and 1.11%ofcyanobacteria. In 35 samples of ship ballast water, phytoplanktonspecies that monitored were that of undetected in Yantian port seaareas.  Conclusion   According to the aboveanalysis, there are differences of phytoplankton between ballastwater and Yantian port sea area, so it exist the invasion risks offoreign species. In the mean time, there are many differences ofphytoplankton among the different voyage lines. So, the managementof ballast water classification is needed to be strengthen.

    Key words:   Yantian port；ballastwater；phytoplankton；invasion risk

    《中国国境卫生检疫杂志》2013年第2期