85家废金属加工利用企业放射性监测与管理现状调查与分析

    陆地1，雒书鸿2，刘明杰1，于长友2，郝怡磊3，宋春雨2，王正直2

    1.烟台出入境检验检疫局检验检疫技术中心，山东 烟台264000；2.山东出入境检验检疫局；

    3.国家质量监督检验检疫总局

    摘要：目的了解我国废金属加工利用行业放射性监测与管理现状，有效评估放射性污染随废金属进入我国生产生活领域的风险。方法通过问卷调查形式对全国各地的85家废金属加工利用企业2008年放射性监测与管理现状进行了调查，并对调查结果进行了统计和分析。结果该行业整体上对废金属放射性问题重要性的认识较低，放射性监测专业化、规范化水平较低，自主监测能力较薄弱，放射性监测硬件条件不足，辐射防护措施缺失。结论我国废金属加工利用行业整体放射性监测与管理水平有待进一步提高，放射性污染随废金属进入我国生产生活领域的风险仍然存在。

    关键词：废金属；放射性；监测；管理；调查

    中图分类号：R147　文献标识码：B

    Research on monitoring and management ofradioactive for 85

    enterprises of scrap metal processing andrecycling

    LU Di*， LUO Shu-hong， LIU Ming-jie, YUChang-you, HAO Yi-lei, SONG Chun-yu, WANG Zheng-zhi

    *Yantai Entry-Exit Inspection and QuarantineBureau, Yantai, Shangdong 266001, China

    Abstract:   Objective  To understand the radioactivity monitoring and the status ofmanagement for industry of scrap metal processing and utilization,and to effectively assess the risk of radioactive contaminationwith scrap metal into the production areas of China.  Methods   A total of 85 enterprises from most parts ofchina which work on scrap metals processing and recycling weresurveyed for their ability of 2008 to monitor and manageradioactivity in the form of the questionnaire,and the results ofthis survey were analyzed.   Results  According to the results of the survey,overall, the understandingof the importance of the issue of scrap metal radioactive wasinsufficient, the level of specialization and standardization wasalso low, the capability of self-monitoring was relatively weak.And there was lack of the radioactive monitoring equipment. Theradiation protection measures were often missing.  Conclusion   The ability of radioactive monitoring andmanagement in this field need to be improved. The risk ofradioactive contamination into the areas of production and livingwith the scrap metal still exists.

    Key words:   Scrap metal;Radioactivity; Monitoring; Management.; Investigation

    《中国国境卫生检疫杂志》2012年第6期