梅毒检测方法新进展

    郭文秀，孙志，云华，陈宇飞

    内蒙古国际旅行卫生保健中心，内蒙古 呼和浩特市 010020

   摘要：梅毒是人类目前主要的性传播疾病之一，其病程复杂，可威胁全身各个器官，危害性极大。同时由于梅毒不能在体外培养，严重限制了梅毒的预防和治疗研究。因此，针对不同时期症状病人的准确检测，明确其传染性和致病性程度在梅毒预防和治疗过程中起至关重要的作用。本文综述了目前应用于梅毒实验室检测的暗视野显微镜检（Darkfield）、基于反应素的非梅毒螺旋体血清试验、梅毒螺旋体血清试验以及聚合酶链式反应（PCR）和实时荧光定量PCR等分子生物学技术及其研究进展。对实时荧光定量PCR和动聚焦显微镜（Focus-floatingmicroscopy,FFM）等最新检测方法的优点和缺点进行了总结。通过比较各种检测方法在发病的不同时期敏感性，综合分析影响检测的各方面因素，总结了以FFM为基础的梅毒综合检测流程。为梅毒的早期诊断，准确诊断以及梅毒的分期检测和治疗提供指导。

    关键词：梅毒；检测；敏感性；动聚焦显微镜

    中图分类号：R512.91　文献标识码：B

    Research progress of detection methods onsyphilis

    GUO Wen-xiu, SUN Zhi, YUN Hua, CHENYu-fei,

    Inner Mongolia International Travel HealthCare Center, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010021,China

    Abstract:   Objective  Syphilis, a sexually transmitted disease caused by the spirochetebacterium Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum. The clinicalcourse of syphilis is complex, it can threatening systemic organsand cause major healthy problem for human. At the same time,because pallidum cannot be cultured in vitro for study, thereforethe early diagnosis plays an important role for syphilisprevention. This article reviews the current prevalence of avariety of diagnosis methods such as microscopy test, rapid plasmareagin (RPR) test, serum Treponema pallidum test, polymerase chainreaction (PCR), especially the novel technologies quantitiveReal-Time PCR and Focus-floating microscopy (FFM), and theiradvantages and disadvantages. By comparison of the sensitivity ofdifferent method in different stage of the pathogenesis, andcomprehensive consideration of various factors, we summary a set ofFFM based syphilis detection procedure and provide guidance for theearly, accurate diagnosis and staging detection and treatment ofsyphilis.

    Key words:   Syphilis; Detection;Sensitivity; Focus-floating microscopy

    《中国国境卫生检疫杂志》2012年第6期