口岸入境集装箱熏蒸剂及有毒有害气体残留情况分析

    魏俊，何振毅，吕洁毅，叶丽虹，陈素英，卢林

    佛山出入境检验检疫局卫生检疫科，广东 佛山 528000

    摘要：目的 探讨口岸入境集装箱熏蒸剂及有毒有害气体残留情况。方法对国内外开展集装箱有毒有害气体残留调查结果进行分析。结果国外研究显示有70%集装箱的有毒化学物质污染超过慢性参考暴露水平，有36%超过急性参考暴露水平阈值。苯和（或）甲醛污染程度超过熏蒸剂的4倍。溴甲烷及甲醛为国内集装箱超标的主要有害气体。结论口岸入境集装箱有毒有害气体残留对职业安全潜在的危害不容忽视，应加大口岸入境集装箱残留的有毒有害气体监测力度，从多方面着手提出确实有效的防控措施，确保口岸工作人员职业安全和公共卫生安全。

    关键词：入境集装箱；熏蒸剂；有毒有害气体；残留

    中图分类号：R187　文献标识码：B

    Analysis on residues of fumigants and othertoxic gases

    in entry containers

    WEI Jun, HE Zhen-yi, LV Jie-yi, YE Li-hong,CHEN Shu-ying, LU Lin

    Foshan Entry-exit Inspection and QuarantineBureau, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, China

    Abstract:   Objective  To investigate the residues of fumigants and other toxic gases inentry containers.  Methods   The relating survey ofhome and abroad on toxic chemicals in imported freight containerswere outlined.  Results   The abroad survey showedthat 70% containers were contaminated with toxic chemicals abovechronic reference exposure levels; 36% even exceeded the higheracute reference exposure level thresholds.Benzene and/orFormaldehyde contamination was 4-times greater than forfumigants.The domestic research also showed the fumigants andformaldehyde contamination.  Conclusion   Theoccupational and community health risk caused by residues offumingants and other toxic gases in imported freight containersshould not be underestimated. The functional department need toattach importance to the backgroud value survey and the effectivemeasures should be taken to ensure the occupational and communityhealth.

    Key words:   Entry container;Fumigant; Toxic gases; Residues

    《中国国境卫生检疫杂志》2012年第5期