2009—2010年珠海口岸入境人员中发热病例流感病毒分子流行病学研究

   莫秋华1，谭华1，林继灿1，刘志明1，杜田2，史咏梅1，涂承宁1，叶立青1，安胜利3，杨泽1

    1.珠海国际旅行卫生保健中心，广东 珠海519020；2.深圳市福田区疾病预防控制中心；

    3.南方医科大学公共卫生与热带医学学院生物统计学系

    摘要：目的研究2009甲型H1N1流感疫情全球大流行期间珠海口岸入境发热旅客流感病毒的分子流行病学特征。方法选择2009年5月至2010年4月经珠海各口岸入境的976例发热旅客（体温≥37.5℃）为研究对象，采集咽拭子样本并提取病毒核酸，采用3个多重RT-PCR实验进行甲型、乙型和2009新甲型H1N1流感病毒的筛查以及甲型流感病毒的分子分型检测。此外，随机选择8株2009甲型H1N1流感病毒进行HA和NA基因全长RT-PCR扩增和序列分析。采用SPSS17.0软件对流行病学和实验数据进行统计学分析。结果976例发热旅客中检出流感病毒阳性病例331例，其中甲型流感占96.98%（321/331），乙型流感占3.02%（10/331）；321例甲型流感病毒分子分型结果为新甲型H1N1流感92例，占28.66%，人季节性H1N1流感65例，占20.25%，人季节性H3N2流感164例，占51.09%。序列分析显示珠海口岸输入性新甲型H1N1流感病毒的HA和NA基因与甲型流感典型毒株A/ California / 04 / 2009 (H1N1)的同源性分别达到99.86%和99.89%。结论本研究所阐明的珠海口岸流感病毒的分子流行病学特征对于指导国境口岸流感的防控具有重要参考价值。

    关键词：流感；流感病毒；甲型H1N1流感；分子流行病学

    中图分类号：R373.1　文献标识码：B

    Molecular epidemiology study of influenzaviruses of entry

    passengers with fever at Zhuhai port

    MO Qiu-hua*, TAN Hua, LIN Ji-can, LIUZhi-ming, DU Tian, SHI Yong-mei,

    TU Cheng-ning, YE Li-qing, 'AN Sheng-li, YANGZe

    *Zhuhai International Travel Health CareCenter, Guangdong, Zhuhai 519020, China

    Abstract:   Objective  To study the molecular epidemiology characteristics of influenzaviruses of entry passengers with fever at Zhuhai port during the2009 influenza A (H1N1) pandemic globally.  Methods   A total of 976 entry passengers with fever(temperature≥37.5°C) were selected as the research objects from allthe ports of Zhuhai during May 2009 to April 2010. Their throatswab specimens were collected and the virus nucleic acid wasextracted. Three multiplex RT-PCR assays were used to screen typeA, B and novel A (H1N1) 2009 influenza viruses simultaneously anddetect the subtypes of influenza A viruses. In addition, the fulllength of hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) genes ofrandomly selected 8 strains of A (H1N1) 2009 influenza viruses wereamplified by RT-PCR for sequence analysis. Finally, SPSS17.0software was used for statistical analysis of both epidemiologicaland experimental data.  Results   Of 976 febrilepassengers detected, 331 cases were positive for influenza viruses,of which 96.98% (321/331) were influenza A and 3.02% (10/331) wereinfluenza B. Of 321 influenza A viruses that were subtyped, 92(28.66%) were novel influenza A (H1N1) 2009, 65 (20.25%) were humanseasonal influenza A (H1N1) and 164 (51.09%) were human seasonalinfluenza A (H3N2). These results showed that the most commonsubtypes of influenza viruses do still circulate in normal waysduring the 2009 influenza A (H1N1) pandemic. Sequence analysisshowed that the homologies of hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase(NA) genes between the influenza A (H1N1) 2009 strains isolated atZhuhai port and the prototypical strain of A/California/04/2009(H1N1) were 99.86% and 99.89%, respectively. It was clearly visiblethat the genetic relationship between them was very close.Logically, the biological characteristics of them can be speculatedto be similar. Conclusion   The molecular epidemiologiccharacteristics of influenza viruses at Zhuhai port

    illustrated in this study have importantreference value to guide the prevention and control of influenza atthe frontier port.

    Key words:   Influenza; Influenzavirus; Influenza A (H1N1) ; Molecular epidemiology

    《中国国境卫生检疫杂志》2012年8月刊