宁夏口岸朝觐人员心电图检查与干预措施

    范慧芸，盛婷婷，马志英，孙伟

    宁夏国际旅行卫生保健中心，宁夏 银川 750001

    摘要：目的探讨宁夏口岸朝觐人群异常心电图的分布特点及检测的临床意义，对高危人群进行干预。方法 分析宁夏口岸2010—2011年3315名朝觐人员的心电图检查资料，并进行统计学分析。结果 心电图异常者共1212例，检出率为36.56%。各类异常改变分别为：ST-T改变379例，窦性心律不齐（窦性心动过缓、过速）354例，束支、房室传导阻滞174例，异位心律失常（室性早搏、房性早搏、房颤）123例，左室高电压118例，低电压48例，陈旧性心梗14例，预激综合征2例。随着年龄的增加，异常检出率也逐渐增加，70岁以上人群心电图异常的检出率最高。男性和女性心电图总的异常检出率相近；女性在50~59岁年龄段心电图异常检出率和ST-T改变的检出率均明显高于男性。结论心电图检查经济、简便且安全，在朝觐人员体检中有重要的实用价值。通过对高危人员进行一系列的干预措施，有效降低了因心脑血管病死亡的人数。

    关键词：朝觐人员；心电图；分析；干预措施

    中图分类号：R540.4　文献标识码：B

    Analysis on ECG results of pilgrimage crowdand interventions

    at Ningxia port

    FAN Hui-yun, SHENG Ting-ting, MA Zhi-ying,SUN Wei

    Ningxia International Travel Health CareCenter, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750001,China

    Abstract:   Objective  To investigate the distribution characteristics and the clinicalsignificance of abnormal ECG among pilgrimage crowd at Ningxiaport, and to carry out interventions among high-riskpersonnel.  Methods   The retrospective analysis wasconducted on ECG data of 3 315 pilgrimage crowd at Ningxia portfrom 2010 to 2011, and the data  were statisticallyanalyzed.   Results   There were 1 212 cases ofECG abnormalities, the detection rate was 36.56%. The various typesof abnormalities were as follows: 379 cases of ST-T changes, 354cases of sinus arrhythmia, 174 cases of conduction block, 123 casesof ectopic arrhythmias, 118 cases of left ventricular high voltage,48 cases of low voltage, 14 cases of old myocardial infarction, 2cases of preexcitation syndrome. With increasing age, abnormaldetection rate gradually increased. especially over 70-year-old agegroup which the highest detection rate of ECG abnormalitiesoccurred. At the same time, the ECG abnormal detection rate of maleand female was similar. In 50~59 years age group, the abnormalelectrocardiogram detection rate and ST-T changes of female weresignificantly higher than that of male.  Conclusion   With conveniences such as economy, ease andsafety of use, ECG has an important practical value in thepilgrimage examination. To carry out a series of interventions onhigh-risk personnel, effectively reduced the number of deaths dueto cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease.

    Key words:   Pilgrimage; ECG;Analysis; Intervention

    《中国国境卫生检疫杂志》6月刊