黄热病与新时期的国境卫生检疫工作

    张显光1，戴俊1，洪烨2，张文1，邓荆1，兰和森1，黄鹂1，方树春1，高云霞1

    1.广东出入境检验检疫局卫检处，广东 广州，510623；2.广东检验检疫技术中心

    摘要：目的 探讨在新时期如何开展黄热病国境卫生检疫工作。方法对黄热病的起源、流行病学特征、流行现状等因素进行分析，并探讨如何采取有效的防控措施。结果当前，黄热病主要局限在非洲和南美洲的部分国家发生，年发病人数达20万例，死亡3万例。随着全球经济一体化的不断深入，黄热病疫情进入非黄热病流行区的风险日益增加，美国和欧洲均有类似报道。在我国，海南、广东、广西、云南等省仍存在着黄热病传播媒介，均为易感人群，因此，黄热病疫情传入我国并造成本地暴发的风险不容忽视。结论新时期的检验检疫部门应认真贯彻落实《国际卫生条例》，全面加强口岸核心能力建设，采取积极主动的监管和控制措施，达到成功阻断输入性黄热病疫情可能带来传播风险的目的。

    关键词：黄热病；输入性疫情；国境卫生检疫

    中图分类号：R183.5　文献标识码：B

    The yellow fever and the frontier healthquarantine in the new era

    ZHANG Xian-guang*, DAI Jun, HONG Ye, ZHANGWen, DENG Jin, LAN He-sen,

    HUANG Li, FANG Shu-chun, GAO Yun-xia

    *Guangdong Entry-exit Inspection andQuarantine Bureau, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510623,China

    Abstract:   Objective  To discuss how to implement the yellow fever frontier healthquarantine works in the new era.  Methods   Theepidemiological factors of yellow fever such as the main symptoms,the important source districts, the prevalence around the worldwere analyzed， and the effective prevention and control measureswere discussed.  Results   The yellow fever epidemicmainly occurred at some countries in Africa and South America,annual incidence of 200,000 and 30,000 deaths. With the deepeningglobal economic integration, the risk of yellow fever epidemicimported to the non-traditional endemic area was highly increased.USA and some Europe countries had already reported many importedcases. In China, the yellow fever biological media had still foundin several provinces such as Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi and Yunnan,almost all the people were susceptible, So the outbreak risk ofyellow fever epidemic in China caused by the imported casesshouldn’t be ignored.  Conclusion   The entry-exitinspection and quarantine bureau should seriously implement IHR andstrengthen the core capacity requirements for surveillance andresponse at ports, take effective control measures to prevent thepossibility of epidemic outbreak caused by imported cases.

    Key words:   Yellow fever; Importedepidemic; Frontier health quarantine

    《中国国境卫生检疫杂志》