结核菌抗体检测的临床应用价值

    徐荒，肖利力

    北京国际旅行卫生保健中心，北京100013

   摘要：肺结核是检验检疫机构监测的主要传染性疾病之一。近年来口岸结核病检出率逐年上升，缺乏可靠、快捷、简便检测方法成为该病诊断和防治的瓶颈。结核分枝杆菌抗体检测是一种新的简便快捷诊断技术。尽管该技术替代结核菌染色镜检和培养应用于临床还有一定距离，但相关研究进展很快，对痰涂阴和临床症状不典型结核诊断带来了新的希望。本文对国内外研究中的结核分枝杆菌抗原特异性和敏感性、市面出售的结核抗体检测试剂临床应用价值，以及对HIV阴性及阳性人群检测效果进行了评估。结论是结核菌抗体检测对结核病诊断虽然有一定帮助，但目前该技术应用于临床还有待进一步完善。

    关键词：结核分枝杆菌；结核菌抗原；抗体;口岸；应用价值

    中图分类号：R52　文献标识码：B

    The value of antibodies against MycobacteriumTuberculosis

    test on clinic TB diagnosis

    XU Huang, XIAO Li-li

    Beijing International Travel HealthcareCenter， Beijing 100013，China

    Abstract:   Pulmonary tuberculosisis one of main infectious diseases kept a check on by inspectionand quarantine organizations. The positive rate of tuberculosis hasbeen increasing  at ports in recent years. The reliable, rapidand simple testing method shortage becomes bottleneck of TBdiagnosis, treatment and prevention. Antibody against mycobacteriumtuberculosis test is a new kind of diagnostic technology which issimple and prompt. It has been developing very quickly and bringsus a new expectation to diagnose mycobacterium tuberculosisinfection with sputum smear negative or atypical symptom even if ithas some way to go to be used in clinic diagnosis instead ofacid-fast stain and culture of tuberculosis bacilli. Thespecificity and sensitivity of antigen from mycobacteriumtuberculosis was evaluated, the diagnostic value of the commercialantibodies assay kits and the performance on HIV-negative andHIV-positive TB patients were judged in this paper according todomestic and international documents. The conclusion is that thetechnology of TB antibodies assay need to be improved further forclinic use although there is some certain help for it to be used intuberculosis diagnosis.

    Key words:   Mycobacteriumtuberculosis; Antibody; Tuberculosis antigen; Port； Applicationvalue

    《中国国境卫生检疫杂志》