人禽流感疫情分析及其防控策略探讨

    黄文金，宋诚本，赖天然，于勇，肖琦，胡江雯

    福建出入境检验检疫局卫监处，福建 福州 350001

    摘要：目的了解近年来人禽流感疫情情况及其流行病学特征，为有效防控人禽流感提供科学依据。方法收集2003年以来世界卫生组织、中国卫生部网站人感染高致病性禽流感疫情信息公布资料，分析其流行病学特征，探讨人禽流感防控策略。结果全球自2003年以来累计报告人禽流感确诊病例516例，死亡306例，病死率为59.30％。其中，中国累计报告确诊病例40例，死亡26例，病死率为65.0%，高于全球平均水平；冬、春季为疫情高发季节；儿童、青壮年多发，中青年病死率较高；男女发病率间无显著性差异。结论人禽流感病死率高，病毒可能已经发生变异并突破种间屏障，传播能力增强，人传人风险增加，对人类危害大。应积极采取措施，有效防控人禽流感的发生。

    关键词：人禽流感；流行病学；疫情；分析；防控；策略

    中图分类号：R183.1　文献标识码：B

    Analysis on the epidemic situation of humanavian influenza

    and discussion on it’s prevention and controlstrategy

    HUANG Wen-jin,SONG Cheng-ben,LAI Tan-ran,YUYong, XIAO Qi-lin, HU Jiang-wen

    Fujian Entry-exit Inspection and QuarantineBureau, Fuzhou,Fujian 350001,China

    Abstract:   Objective  To understand the epidemic situation and the epidemiologicalcharacteristics of human avian influenza in recent years, and toprovide the scientific evidences for prevention and control thehuman avian influenza effectively.   Methods    Collected  the informationannouncement material of human avian influenza on the World HealthOrganization and the Ministry of Public Health of China websitesince 2003 were collected, and its epidemiology characteristicswere analyzed, the prevention and control strategies werediscussed.    Results    Thecumulative number of confirmed human cases of avian influenza AH5N1 reported to WHO were 516 cases since 2003 in the world, withthe death cases of 306, the case fatality rate was 59.30%. andchinese cumulative number of confirmed human cases of avianinfluenza A/(H5N1)were 40, including 26 death cases, the casefatality rate was 65.0%, was higher than the global average level.The human avian influenza had mostly happened in winter and spring.The children and the young adults had the mostly proportion in allthe cases, the young adults’case fatality rate was high. There wasno statistical significance between the male andfemale.   Conclusion     The casefatality rate of human avian influenza is high, the virus may beundergo variation and break through the inter-species barrier, it’sability of infection has strengthened. The risk of infection bypeople to people is increasing, The disease has a serious hazard tohuman. Should take the measures positively to prevent and controlthe human avian influenza effectively.

    Key words:    Human avianinfluenza; Epidemiology; Analysis; Prevention and Control;Strategy

    《中国国境卫生检疫杂志》