一起外轮群体性腹泻事件的实验室检测及分析

    李小波1，师永霞1，相大鹏1，黄吉城1，洪烨1，苏锦坤1，幸芦琴1，郑夔1，郭波旋1，凌展锋2

    1.广东出入境检验检疫局技术中心卫生检疫（BSL-3）实验室，广东 广州510700；

    2.南沙出入境检验检疫局

    摘要：目的调查一起外籍船员群体性腹泻的原因，及时采取相应措施防止腹泻疫情进一步扩散，并防止对环境可能造成的污染。方法结合流行病学调查结果，采集腹泻船员的肛拭子、粪便样本，处理后利用实时荧光PCR法对样本同时进行沙门氏菌、霍乱弧菌、副溶血性弧菌、大肠埃希氏菌O157:H7的检测；同时对以上样本进行增菌和分离培养；分离出的菌株进行生化鉴定和血清学分型。结果实时荧光PCR检测结果显示，14份样本（12份肛拭子、2份粪便）中13份沙门氏菌检测阳性，1份阴性，其他指标检测均为阴性；阳性样本中分离到的特征性菌落均符合沙门氏菌生化反应特征；血清学反应结果显示，以上菌株为沙门氏菌Ⅱ型。但从该外籍船上采集的食品、饮用水及环境样本中均未检出沙门氏菌。结论引起本次群体性腹泻事件的原因为沙门氏菌Ⅱ型感染。

    关键词：外轮；群体性；腹泻；检测；沙门氏菌

    中图分类号： R181.8　文献标识码： B

    Detection and analysis of group diarrhea

    event from a foreign ship

    LI Xiao-bo*, SHI Yong-xia, XIANG Da-peng,HUANG Ji-cheng, HONG Ye, SU Jin-kun,

    XING Lu-qin, ZHENG Kui, GUO Bo-xuan, LINGZhan-feng

    *Health quarantine Lab, Guangdong Inspectionand Quarantine Technology Center, Guangzhou 510700,China

    Abstract:   Objective  To collect the samples from infected sailors and develop ainspection at laboratory for the pathogeny of the group diarrheaevent. To take some measures to protect the healthy sailors of theinfected foreign ship and to control the spread of theepidemic.   Method    Consideringepidemiological analysis, the rectal swabs, stools were collectedand the pathogens as Salmonella, Vibrio cholera, Vibrioparahemolyticus and Escherichia coli O157:H7 were detected withreal-time fluorescent PCR. The methods of biochemical analysis andserological typing were also used to identify the separatedstrains.   Result   The result of real-timefluorescent PCR showed that 13 samples were positive of Salmonellanucleic acid and there were not any other pathogens were detected.The positive separated strains were identified to be Salmonella IIwith biochemical and serological analysis. Conclusion   The pathogeny of the group diarrhea event isthe infection of Salmonella II Foods and drinking water arepresumbed to be the most possible pollutant source, but we have notfound the pathogen of Salmonella from either all kinds offoods,drinks or environmental samples.

    Key words:   Foreign ship; Groupevent; Diarrhea; detection; Salmonella