进口废旧物品携带微生物状况初步研究

    李金有1,李西标2，王林1,张顺合1，陈春田1,程晶晶1，慈颖1,常琳1，郭文静1

    1.中国检验检疫科学研究院卫生检疫研究所，北京100123；2.烟台出入境检验检疫局

    摘要：目的 调查进口废旧物品携带微生物状况。方法按集装箱采样，用试纸片法对样本微生物进行细菌总数、大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌计数，用致病菌增菌检测试剂盒、免疫层析检测片、胶体金快速检测试剂盒和全自动微生物分析系统进行致病菌检测。结果检测93份样本，金黄色葡萄球菌阳性率为61.29%，沙门菌阳性率为33.33%，腊样芽胞杆菌阳性率为72.04%，副溶血弧菌58.06%，致泻大肠埃希菌29.03%。检出铜绿假单胞菌、杀鲑气单胞菌、温和气单胞菌、溶血葡萄球菌、土拉热弗朗西菌、肺炎链球菌、麻疹孪生球菌、志贺菌、粘质沙雷菌、阴沟肠杆菌、红斑丹毒丝菌等致病菌、条件致病菌及非致病菌。在93份样本中均未检测出出血性大肠杆菌O157：H7，霍乱弧菌O139二种致病菌。结论进口废旧物品中致病微生物的检出率较高，对从业人员的身体健康和环境危害的评价，有待深入研究。

    关键词：入境；废旧物品；金黄色葡萄球菌；沙门菌；副溶血弧菌；污染

    中图分类号： R187　文献标识码： B

    Preliminary study on microorganisms carriedby entry renewable waste

    LI Jin-you*,LI Xi-biao,WANG Lin, ZHANGShun-he,CHEN Chun-tian, CHENG Jing-jing，

    CI Ying, CHANG Lin, GUO Wen-jing

    *Chinese Academy of Inspection andQuarantine,Beijing 100025, China

    Abstract:   Objective  Toinvestigate microbiological status carried by immigrationrecyclable waste.  Methods   Total number ofbacteria, E. coli, Salmonella of samples were detected by testpaper disc method, and the pathogens detection with bacterialpathogens detection kit、rapid immunochromatography assay、rapidcolloidal gold assay and  automated microbial analysissystem.  Results   The positive rate ofStaphylococcus aureus was 61.29% in 93 samples, and the positiverate of Salmonella was 33.33%, Bacillus cereus 72.04%, Vibrioparahaemolyticus 58.06%, Escherichia coli 29.03%. Pathogens,conditions and non-pathogenic bacteria detected in 93 samplesincluded Pseudomonas aeruginosa、Aeromonas salmonicida、Aeromonassobria、Staphylococcus haemolyticus、Francisellatularensis、Streptococcus pneumoniae、Gemellamorbillorum、Shigella、Serratia marcescens、Enterobactercloacae、Erysipelothrix rhusiopahiae. Both of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Vibrio cholerae O139 bacteria were not detected in 93samples.  Conclusions   The detection rate ofpathagenic microorganisms was high. It is necessary to study on thehealth and environmental hazard assessment.

    Key words:   Entry; Wastematerials; Staphylococcus aureus;Salmonella; Vibrioparahaemolyticus; Pollution