归国劳务人员艾滋病相关知识宣传教育状况调查

    朱思峰  逄增昌 姜宝法   （1.山东大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学研究所，济南 250014；2.山东出入境检验检疫局，青岛 266001；3.青岛疾病预防控制中心，青岛 266033）

    摘要 〔目的〕为获取归国劳务人员关于艾滋病相关知识宣传教育等方面的情况，寻找归国劳务人员在艾滋病相关知识宣传教育等方面的缺失，探索适合出国劳务人员获取艾滋病相关知识的途径和防治等方面的具体方法和措施，为制定出国劳务人员的艾滋病防治策略提供依据。〔方法〕采用横断面调查研究的方式。在山东口岸11个国际旅行保健中心，单纯随机抽取前来进行健康体检的归国劳务人员，采用现场独立填写问卷的方式，对其艾滋病相关知识宣传教育等情况进行调查。采用SPSS12.0统计分析数据。〔结果〕86.40%的归国劳务人员在出国前接受过关于艾滋病相关知识的宣传教育，出国前在国际旅行卫生保健中心接受艾滋病相关知识宣传教育的占82.8%；被调查的归国劳务人员艾滋病相关知识的宣传教育在文化程度和前往各大洲方面无统计学意义（P＞ 0.01），但在前往国家方面具有统计学意义（P ＜0.01），主要表现在前往哈萨克斯坦的人员在出国前均受过艾滋病相关知识的宣传教育；一些问题在性别、年龄和职业等方面有差异，表现为女性、年龄小和从事石油行业的人员接受艾滋病相关知识宣传教育的比例高。〔结论〕绝大多数归国劳务人员在出国前已接受艾滋病相关知识的宣传教育，前往国家是影响艾滋病相关知识宣传教育的主要因素；通过朋友或医生传授和学校教育获取艾滋病相关知识的比例普遍偏低，应加强以上两种途径的艾滋病相关知识宣传教育的力度。

    关键词 归国劳务人员；艾滋病；知识；宣传教育；调查

    〔中图分类号〕　R512.91　〔文献标识码〕　B

    Investigation on  HIV/AIDS HealthEducation Status among Homecoming Labors   Zhu Sifeng1,2,Pang Zengcang3, Jiang Baofa1.  (1.School of Public HealthShandong University, Jinan 250014,China;2.Shandong Entry-ExitInspection and Quarantine Bureau, Qingdao 266001,China; 3.QingdaoMunicipal Center for Disease Control ＆ Prevention, Qingdao 266033,China.)

    [Abstract]   Objective  To understand HIV/AIDS health education status among homecominglabors, and search the shortage in HIV/AIDS health education amonghomecoming labors, indentify the gap of current health educationcampaign and to explore appropriate strategies for enhacingHIV/AIDS education and care.   Methods  Across-sectional study was conducted, and the random samplingmethool was used to collect study subjects at eleven centers forinternational travel health in Shandong province. Aself-administered question naire survey was used and the data wasanalyzed by SPSS12.0 software.  Results   Atetal of86.40% of the homecoming labors had ever participated in HIV/AIDShealth education program before going aboard. While, 82.8% of thehomecoming labors received the HIV/AIDS health education from theinternational travel healthcare center before going aboard. Therewas no significant differences in education and which continentthey destined （P ＞ 0.01）. While, the country they went to was majorinfluencing factor on  HIV/AIDS health education status（P ＜0.01）, and those  who went to Kazakstan had greatly involvedin HIV/AIDS health education before going aboard. Some gaps wereidentified in gender, age and careers, as females, people withyoung ages, or people in petroleum industry had higher portions ofHIV/AIDS education than others.  Conclusion   The majority of the homecoming labors had participated HIV/AIDShealth education before going aboard.  The ratio of acquiringthe AIDS related knowledge from friends, doctors and schooleducation is general low. So it is necessary to intensity HIV/AIDSprevention and health education.

    [Key words]    HomecomingLabors;  HIV/AIDS;  Knowledge;  HealthEducation;  Investigation