2009年中俄满洲里—后贝加尔斯克口岸地区鼠类及其携带病原的调查研究

    孙肖红1 张晓龙1 胡孔新1 张 胜2 满江红2 高艳菲2 乔国强2 张朝富2 田文智2王 静1

    （1.中国检验检疫科学研究院，北京 100123；2.满洲里出入境检验检疫局，满洲里021400）

    摘要 〔目的〕 了解中俄满洲里—后贝加尔斯克口岸地区鼠类及其携带病原情况。〔方法〕2009年8月，在满洲里和后贝加尔口岸地区采用夹日法和夹夜法捕鼠。采集满洲里地区鼠类脏器和血样本，用聚合酶链反应PCR方法检测肝、脾组织中的鼠疫耶氏菌、土拉弗氏菌和莫氏立克次体核酸；用逆转录RT-PCR方法检测肺组织的汉坦病毒核酸；分别用酶链免疫吸附试验（ELISA）和胶体金免疫层析方法检测血标本中的汉坦病毒和鼠疫耶氏菌、土拉弗氏菌、莫氏立克次体抗体。〔结果〕2009年8月，在中方满洲里口岸地区捕鼠7种53只，总捕鼠率6.63%，优势鼠种为长爪沙鼠、达乌尔黄鼠、黑线毛足鼠；在俄方后贝加尔斯克口岸地区捕鼠10种158只，总捕鼠率19.75%，狭颅田鼠、黑线仓鼠和黑线毛足鼠为优势鼠种。满洲里口岸鼠脏器样本中未检测到病原核酸，血标本中3份汉坦病毒抗体阳性。〔结论〕中俄满洲里-后贝加尔斯克口岸地区鼠类构成不同，中方鼠类中存在汉坦病毒感染。

    关键词 鼠类；病原；边境;中俄；调查

    〔中图分类号〕　R184.35　〔文献标识码〕　B

    Investigation on Rats and Pathogens inSino-Russian Manzhouli-Zabaikalsk Frontier Regions   SunXiaohong1, Zhang Xiaolong1, Hu Kongxin1, Zhang Sheng2, ManJianghong2, Gao Yanfei2, Qiao Guoqiang2, Zhang Chaofu2, TianWenzhi2, Wang Jing1.(1. Chinese Academy of Inspection andQuarantine, Beijing 100123, China; 2.Manzhouli Entry-ExitInspection and Quarantine Bureau, Manzhouli 021400,China)

    [Abstract]   Objective  To clarify the rats and rat-carried pathogens in Sino-Russian Manzhouli-Zabaikalsk frontier regions.  Method   Therats were captured by live traps and snap traps in field grasslandin Manzhouli, Inner Mongolia and Zabaikalsk, Russian. The ratliver, spleen, lung and blood specimens were obtained. Hantaanvirus nucleotide acid was amplified by RT-PCR from lung specimens.Yersinia pestis, Francisella tularensisand Rickettsia moserinucleotide acid were amplified by PCR from liver and spleenspecimens.  Result   In Augast, 2009, a total of 53rats represent 7 species were captured in Manzhouli, rat densitywas 6.63%, and Meriones unguiculatus, Citellurs daurica, Phodopussungorus were the most abundant species. A total of 158 ratsrepresent 10 species were captured in Zabaikalsk, and Microtusgregalis, Cricetulus barabensis, Phodopus sungorus were the mostabundant species. No pathogens nucleotide acid were amplified, but3 blood specimens were detected antibody for Hantaan virus from ratcaptured in Manzhouli. Conclusion   The rat species weredifferent in Manzhouli and Zabaikalsk frontier regions showed inthis study. Hantaan viruses were carried by rats in Manzhouli.

    [Key words]    Rats;Pathogens; Frontier region; Sino-Russian; Investigation