入境集装箱携带有害生物和有毒有害物质输入性风险评估及防控技术研究

    张宏鹏 王丽萍 肖 鹏 吴隆德 吴毓南 蔡耿民 林盛才 丁 峰 李灿斌 王立忠

    （汕头出入境检验检疫局，汕头 515041）

    摘要 〔目的〕研究建立入境集装箱携带有害生物及有毒有害物质输入性风险评估模型及防控技术体系，为集装箱疫情防控工作提供科学依据。〔方法〕成立风险评估专题研究小组，收集、整理和分析入境集装箱截获疫情的资料，运用专家咨询法确定风险评估指标。〔结果〕建立入境集装箱携带有害生物及有毒有害物质输入性风险评估模型，分为集装箱申报阶段风险预评估及集装箱入境开箱查验阶段风险评估两部分，其中集装箱入境开箱查验阶段风险评估又分医学媒介生物、植物性有害生物、有毒有害物质三类分别开展评估，最后进行综合评估。建立以风险评估为指导的防控技术体系。〔结论〕入境集装箱携带有害生物及有毒有害物质输入性风险评估模型及防控技术体系客观科学，具有实用性。

    关键词 入境集装箱；携带；有害生物；有毒有害物质；风险评估

    〔中图分类号〕　R185.3 U169　〔文献标识码〕　B

    Study on Introduced Risk Assessments andPrevention and Control Measures of Pest and Vector and Poisonousand Harmful Substance Carried by Entry Container   ZhangHongpeng, Wang Liping, Xiao Peng, Wu Longde, Wu Yunan, Cai Gengmin,Lin Shengcai, Ding Feng, Li Canbin, Wang Lizhong. ShantouEntry-exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Shantou  515041,China.

    [Abstract]  Objective    To study the construction of a modeland the prevention and control system of introduced risk assessmentof pest, vector and poisonous and harmful substance carried byentry container and provide scientific basis for the prevention andcontrol of epidemic situation carried by container. Method   By forming a monographic study team of riskassessment to collect, sort out and analyze information of epidemicsituation intercepted in entry container.  Result  To establish a model of introduced risk assessment of pest, vectorand poisonous and harmful substance carried by entry container. Themodel is divided into two parts. Part one is risk pre-assessment atcontainer declaration stage and part two is risk assessment atcontainer inspection stage which is further divided into threecategories, pest assessment, vector assessment and poisonous andharmful substance assessment. Finally a comprehensive assessment isconducted. According to the classification of comprehensive risklevel to propose corresponding technical disposal measure. Conclusion   The model of introduced risk assessment andthe prevention and control system of pest, vector and poisonous andharmful substance carried by entry container is objective,scientific and practical.

    [Key words]   Entry container;Carried; Pest and vector; Poisonous and harmful substance; Riskassessment; Response; Disposal