硫酰氟熏蒸渗透力与对美洲大蠊毒效的实验观察

    张锜 1 尤明传1 郑剑宁1 裘炯良1 唐海鸥2 曹 浩2 童华峰3 胡善祥3

    （1.宁波出入境检验检疫局，宁波 315012；2.杭州茂宇电子化学有限公司，杭州310018；

    3.宁波金蛇旅行卫生服务有限公司，北仑 315800）

    摘要 〔目的〕 了解硫酰氟熏蒸的渗透力以及渗透后杀灭病媒生物的作用。〔方法〕用含量≥99.8%的硫酰氟按7组浓度熏蒸，以美洲大蠊为靶生物，观察硫酰氟渗透牛皮纸、纸屑、稻谷、三夹板、松木板、塑料薄膜等阻隔物及杀灭美洲大蠊的情况。〔结果〕各熏蒸浓度及各阻隔物遮蔽的美洲大蠊全部死亡，死亡时间最短的是浓度64 g/m3，一层牛皮纸遮蔽的样本，平均26 min；最长的是浓度8g/m3，塑料薄膜遮蔽的样本，平均565 min（9.4h）。遮蔽下美洲大蠊毒毙时间由短到长的阻隔物依次为一层牛皮纸、三层牛皮纸、20 cm厚纸屑、20 cm厚稻谷、2.58mm厚三夹板、10 mm厚松木板和0.02 mm厚塑料薄膜。〔结论〕硫酰氟对质地松散的物体有很强的渗透力，能穿透一定厚度的木质材料，对塑料薄膜渗透力最差。硫酰氟渗透阻隔物后对美洲大蠊仍有杀灭作用。

    关键词 硫酰氟；熏蒸；渗透力；病媒生物；灭蠊

    〔中图分类号〕　R1871.1　〔文献标识码〕　B

    The Study on the Fumigating Penetrability ofSulfuryl Fluoride and its Effect on Killing Periplanetaamericana(Linnaeus)   Zhang Qi1, You Mingchuan1, ZhengJianning1, Qiu Jiongliang1, Tang Hai’ou2, Cao Hao2, Tong Huafeng3,Hu Shanxiang3. (1. Ningbo Entry-exit Inspection and QuarantineBureau, Ningbo 315012, China; 2. Hangzhou Maoyu Electronicchemicals co., Ltd, Hangzhou 310018 China; 3.Ningbo Jinshe TravelHealth Services co., Ltd, Beilun 315800,China.)

    [Abstract]   Objective  To study the fumigating penetrability of Sulfuryl Fluoride and itseffect on disinsection.  Methods   All groups ofcockroaches were fumigated with seven group of Sulfuryl Fluoride(≥99.8%). The penetrating effect through obstructing objects suchas brown paper, wastepaper, paddy, three-ply, and plastic membrane,and its disinsecting effect were observed.  Results  Allgroups of cockroaches were killed by Sulfuryl Fluoride throughobstructing objects. It took the shortest time(average 26 min) tobe dead for the samples fumigated by the concentration of 64 g/m3through one layer of brown paper, and took the longest time(average565 min) to be dead for the samples fumigated by the concentrationof 8 g/m3 through the plastic membrane. The dead time ranging fromshort to long correspond with different obstructing objects, whichwere one layer of brown paper, three layer of brown paper,wastepaper of 20 cm thickness, paddy of 20 cm thickness, three-plyof 2.58 mm thickness, pine board of 10 mm thickness, plasticmembrane of 0.02 mm thickness in turn. Conclusion  Sulfuryl Fluoride has the powerful  penetrability through theincompact objects, and also can penetrate woody objects with acertain thickness. But it is not too easy to penetrate the plasticmembrane. Sulfuryl Fluoride still has the killing effect forPeriplaneta americana(Linnaeus) through obstructing objects.

    [Key words]   Sulfurylfluoride；Fumigation；Penetrability；Medical vector；Disinsection