鼠疫杆菌在自然生态环境保存状况的研究进展

    鼠疫杆菌在自然生态环境保存状况的研究进展

    潘光合 于建国

    （广西出入境检验检疫局，南宁 530021）

    摘要 〔目的〕 了解鼠疫杆菌在自然生态环境保存状况，为鼠疫的预防控制提供依据。〔方法〕查阅鼠疫杆菌在自然生态环境保存的研究文献。〔结果〕全球已报道鼠疫杆菌染疫宿主动物和媒介生物有200多种，其中中国的染疫宿主动物有88种，染疫媒介生物有62种。鼠疫杆菌可在土壤中生存数周，可在跳蚤排泄物和尸体上以L形菌的形式在洞穴的基底物中长期存活，还可在大豆等植物的根系上保存。〔结论〕鼠疫杆菌可在动物、植物、土壤等环境中生存，在鼠疫监测时应考虑采集不同样本进行检测,以便尽早发现疫点。

    关键词 鼠疫;鼠疫杆菌；生态环境；保存；研究

    〔中图分类号〕　R184.35　〔文献标识码〕　B

    Research Development of Yersinia PestisPreserve in Natural Ecological Environment   Pan Guanghe,Yu Jianguo. Guangxi Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau,Nanning 530021,China.

    [Abstract]  Objective    To study on the preservation of theYersinia pestis in natural ecological environment , and to provideevidence for plague prevention and control. Methods   The research literatures about Yersinia pestispreserve in natural ecological environment were consulted.Results   More than 200 species of the host animals andmedical vectors infected with the Yersinia pestis have beenreported all over the world, among them there are 88 species hostanimals and 62 species medical vectors in China. Yersinia pestiscan live for several weeks in soil, it was ascertained to surviveas a L-form in the nest substrate infected with flea feces andcarcasses for a long time, and can preserve in the roots of someplants such as soybean.  Conclusion   Yersiniapestis can preserve in animals, plants or soil environment. Whenmonitoring plague we should consider to collect and detectdifferent samples in order to discover epidemic focusearlier.
    [Key words]   Plague; Yersinia pestis;Ecological environment; Preservation, Research