输入性诺如病毒感染性腹泻暴发疫情的流行病学调查和处置

    输入性诺如病毒感染性腹泻暴发疫情的流行病学调查和处置

    薛 芳1 蔡 鹏1 宋锋林1 高玉峰1 吴 刚1 樊德海2 张洪兵2

    （1.辽宁国际旅行卫生保健中心，大连 116001；2.辽宁出入境检验检疫局，大连116001）

    摘要 〔目的〕 通过对马耳他籍大型游轮“蓝海探索”（AZAMARAQUEST）号上腹泻病例的流行病学调查和疫情处置，确认并控制传染源、切断传播途径、保护易感人群，阻止传染病通过国境口岸传入，保障国境口岸的卫生安全。〔方法〕通过核实疫情、医学检查、流行病学调查、实验室检测等过程，确认传染病类别，采取针对性的疫情处置措施。〔结果〕“蓝海探索”号大规模腹泻疫情是由诺如病毒感染引起的。按照我国法律法规、国际公约和国际惯例，对病人及接触者、饮食和环境进行医学处置和卫生处理。〔结论〕国境口岸卫生检疫机构在应对突发公共卫生事件时，充分做到积极准备、准确排查、正确应对，就能有效地阻止重大传染病疫情的传入，保障国境口岸的卫生安全。

    关键词 输入性；诺如病毒；腹泻；流行病学；疫情处置

    〔中图分类号〕　R183.4　〔文献标识码〕　B

    Epidemiological Investigation and Disposal onan Outbreak of Virus Diarrhea Caused by ImportedNorovirus   Xue Fang1, Cai Peng1, Song Fenglin1, GaoYufeng1, Wu Gang1, Fan Dehai2, Zhang Hongbing2.(1.LiaoningInternational Travel Health Care Center, Dalian 116001, China;2.Liaoning Entry-exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Dalian116001,China.）

    [Abstract]   Objective  To confirm and control the infection sources through theepidemiological investigation and disposal of diarrhea case on thecruises named “AZAMARA QUEST” from Malta, to cut off the route oftransmission, to safeguard susceptible population, to prevent theintroduction of infectious diseases through the frontier ports, andto safeguard the health and safety at the frontier ports. Method   The pestilence verification, medicalexamination, epidemiological investigation and laboratory detectionwere adopted to confirm the types of contagious disease. Theappropriate measures were taken to deal with the epidemic. Result   The diarrhea was caused by norovirus on the shipnamed “AZAMARA QUEST”. In accordance with China’s laws andregulations, international convention and the international custom,the medical disposition and the sanitize were adopted for thepatients and contacts, the food and drink, the environment and soon. Conclusion   When responsing the public healthemergencies, the health quarantine agency should prepare actively,investigate exactly and response correctly, to prevent thecontagious disease from importing and to safeguard the health andsafety at the frontier ports.

    [Key words]   Importation;Norovirus; Diarrhea; Epidemiology; Disposal of the epidemic