沙头角口岸媒介生物监测与登革热传入风险分析及防控措施

    沙头角口岸媒介生物监测与登革热传入风险分析及防控措施

    华正宇 梁建辉 刘 昱 王英明 谢 雁

    （沙头角出入境检验检疫局，深圳 518081）

    摘要 〔目的〕通过调查沙头角口岸伊蚊的种类、密度及季节消长规律，了解登革热的流行趋势和危险性，为制定防控措施提供科学依据。〔方法〕2008年5月—2009年4月，对沙头角口岸蚊类进行调查。采用人工小时法，用电动吸蚊器进行定点、定人、定时人工诱捕成蚊，并分类、计算其密度、构成比；用集卵器收集培养蚊幼虫并每月统计蚊幼虫的人工诱器指数。〔结果〕对捕获的蚊类进行鉴定，伊蚊种类仅有白纹伊蚊，未发现埃及伊蚊。白纹伊蚊年平均密度为3.56只/人工•h，最高密度是10、11月份，分别为8.88只/人工•h，8.75只/人工•h，最低密度是1月份，为0.25只/人工•h；白纹伊蚊全年都有活动、繁殖，没有越冬现象，密度高峰出现在7~11月份。〔结论〕沙头角口岸地区具备登革热流行的媒介条件，应特别警惕在东南亚等地流行的登革热通过出入境交通工具、人员传入我国，造成局部暴发性流行的可能。消灭登革热传播媒介，切断传播途经是防控登革热传入和发生流行的主要措施。

    关键词 登革热；媒介；种群；密度；季节消长；防控；措施；风险分析

    〔中图分类号〕　R184.31　〔文献标识码〕　B

    Medical Vectors Monitoring and HazardAnalysis in Dengue Fever at Sha Tau Kok and its Strategies forPrevention and Control.   Hua Zhengyu, Liang Jianhui, LiuYu, Wang Yingming, Xie Yan. Shatoujiao Entry-exit Inspection andQuarantin Bureau, Shenzhen 518081,China.

    [Abstract]   Objective  To investigate the types, density and seasonal growth-decline ofAedes at Sha Tau Kok Port, to realize the prevalence of Denguefever and the risk of potential to provide a scientific basis withthe development of prevention and control strategies. Method   The artificial-hour method was adopted. Themosquito electric suction device was used in fixed time, fixedpeople, and regular artificial to trap adult mosquitoes. Thedensity, composition ratio was calcutated. The egg collectiondevice was used to collect and cultivate the monthly calculation ofthe larvase. The mpsquitoes were investigated at Sha Tau Kok in May2008~April 2009.  Result   The Aedes albopictusskuse was found. The average density of  Aedes albopictus was3.56/men-hour, the highest density was in October and November,8.88/men-hour, 8.75/men-hour respectively, the most low-density inJanuary was only 0.25/men-hour; activity, reproduction of Aedesalbopictus skuse was throughout the year, there was nooverwintering, and the density peak appeaed from July toNovermber.  Conclusion   Sha Tau Kok has thecondition of vector of Dengue fever’s prevalence. It is necessaryto pay attention for Dengue fever in Southeast Asia by means of theentry-exit transport、 people, causing local outbreaks of pandemicpotential. The major strategies of passing away the vector andcutting off the transmission way can prevent and control the entryand prevalence of Dengue fever.

    [Key words]   Dengue Fever; Vector;Population; Density; Seasonal growth-decline; Prevention; Control;Strategy; Hazard analysis