前往疟疾疫区的出国劳工对疟疾相关知识、态度及行为调查

    张 敏1 刘智勇2 王 冰1 黄立萍1 王舜钦3 盛鸿颖3 何洪涛1

    （1.广东国际旅行卫生保健中心，广州 510661；2.中国国际旅行卫生保健协会，北京100080；

    3.黄埔国际旅行卫生保健中心，广州 510730）

    摘要 〔目的〕了解前往疟疾疫区的出国劳工对疟疾防治知识的知晓状况，为建立有效的疟疾宣传教育模式提供依据。〔方法〕对2009年6—11月到广东国际旅行卫生保健中心进行出国体检的265名前往疟疾疫区的劳工（不含船员）采用自行设计的问卷进行调查。〔结果〕前往疟疾疫区的劳工265人中初中及初中以下文化程度占46.7%，高中以上文化程度占37.9%。出国后将从事野外和户外工作占46.4%。有6.9%的人认为疟疾为非传染病，36.0%不清楚疟疾是否有传染性；仅49.4%知道蚊虫与疟疾相关；47.5%知道发热为疟疾的主要临床表现；仅22.9%的人知道目前常用的防疟方法是防蚊和携带紧急情况下使用的治疗药物，19.2%的人知道可口服药物进行疟疾预防。〔结论〕出国劳工对疟疾防治知识认识匮乏，在出国劳工中开展疟疾宣传教育活动是十分必要的。

    关键词 出国；劳务人员；疟疾；知识；态度；行为；调查

    〔中图分类号〕　R183.5　〔文献标识码〕　B

    Survey on Malaria Correlations of Knowledge,Attitude and Practice among Labors going to Epidemic Areas ofMalaria   Zhang Min1, Liu Zhiyong2, Wang Bing1, HuangLiping1, Wang Shunqin3, Sheng Hongying3, He Hongtao1. (1. GuangdongInterational Tavel Health Care Center, Guangzhou 510661, China; 2.China Interational Travel Health Care Association, Beijing 100080,China; 3. Huangpu Interational Travel Health Care Center, Guangzhou510730, China.)

    [Abstract]   Objective  To collect messages about knowledge, attitudes and practicesrelated to malaria among labors who are going to malaria epidemicareas overseas, and to find an effective mode of public educationto the specific population.  Method   KAPquestionnaires were used among labors who are going to malariaepidemic areas overseas before and after education. Result   Among 261 labors, 46.7% of them were below thelevel of junior high school and junior high school. 46.4% of thelabors engaged in field and outdoor work. Only 6.9% of all laborsthough that malaria was non-infectious diseases, 49.4% of thelabors though that mosquitoes were correlated with malaria.47.5% ofthe labors though that the major clinical symptom of malaria shouldbe fever. Only 19.2% of the labors have heard about malariachemoprophylaxis. Conclusion   The objective laborershave very limited knowledge about malaria. The knowledge, attitudesand practices related to malaria among laborers are influenced bytheir educational background. For preventing malaria among thelabors effectively, it is necessary to improve their level ofknowledge related to malaria prevention based on their differenteducational background.

    [Key words]   Going abroad; Labors;Malaria; Knowledge; Attitude; Practice; Investigation