安徽口岸出国劳务人员疟疾知识知晓情况的现况调查

    叶向光1，祝高峰2，计玉洁2，许佳1，石泉1

　　1.安徽国际旅行卫生保健中心，安徽 合肥 230022; 2.安徽出入境检验检疫局

　　摘要：目的 调查分析安徽出国劳务人员疟疾基础知识和防治知识的知晓情况，发现存在的问题和薄弱环节，为进行针对性的干预提供依据。方法 采用随机抽样的方法从安徽国际旅行保健中心抽取1016名出国劳务人员，采用自填式问卷调查其一般情况、疟疾基础知识和防治知识知晓情况。结果 安徽出国劳务人员以男性为主（96.95%），平均年龄39.16岁，主要前往非洲和亚洲地区，文化程度以初中和高中居多，疟疾基础知识知晓率为49.01%，防治知识知晓率为69.98%，仅有1.48%知道疟疾主要分布在全世界，14.76%的知道疟疾发病的主要症状，21.16%知道预防疟疾的有效措施是防蚊叮咬，29.82%的人能够正确携带防护用品。结论 出国劳务人群文化水平普遍偏低，有一定的疟疾基础知识和防治知识水平，但仍然缺乏必需的防护意识，提示对该人群开展针对性的健康教育，防止疟疾传入具有积极意义。

　　关键词：出国劳务人员；疟疾；知识；调查

　　中图分类号：R195.4  文献标识码：B

　　Investigation on knowledge of malaria among exit laborers atAnhui port

　　YE Xiang-guang*， ZHU Gao-feng， JI Yu-jie， XU Jia， SHI Quan

　　*Anhui International Travel Healthcare Center，Hefei，Anhui230022，China

　　Abstract： Objective  To find the basic and preventionknowledge of malaria among exit laborers at Anhui port，investigatethe existing problems and weakness， and to provide scientificevidences for health education intervention strategy. Methods The random sampling method was adopted to take 1 016 exitlaborers at Anhui international travel healthcare center.  Theself-administered questionnaire applied to survey the generalsituation，basic knowledge of malaria and prevention knowledge.Results  The majority of exit laborers at Anhui port weremale， the rate was 96.95%. The mean age was 39.16 years old， themain destinations were Africa and Asia， the majority of educationwere middle and level high school. The average accurate rate ofbasic knowledge on malaria was 49.01%， the rate on preventionknowledge was 69.98%， only 1.48% knew the main distribution ofmalaria in the world， only 14.76% knew the main symptoms ofmalaria， 21.16% knew the effective measures to prevent malaria，29.82% people can carry protective equipment properly. Conclusion The target population had low level of education and somebasic knowledge and prevention knowledge on malaria. It isimportant to carry out health education to prevent malariatransmission.

　　Key words: Exit laborers； Malaria； Knowledge； Investigation

　　《中国国境卫生检疫杂志》2014年3期