2009 -2012年广东口岸输入性流感疫情监测结果分析

    洪烨，师永霞，刘丽珊，黄吉城，幸芦琴，郑夔，戴俊

　　广东出入境检验检疫局检验检疫技术中心，广东 广州　510623

　　摘要：目的 对2009-2012年广东口岸输入性流感病例的流行病学特征进行分析，为出入境口岸流感的监测及其防控工作提供依据。方法 采集广东25个口岸有发热症状的入境人员的鼻咽拭子，采用实时荧光RT-PCR法对样本进行流感病毒的检测及分型，通过Excel、SPSS18.0对不同型别的流感阳性病例的流行情况进行统计分析。结果 2009-2012年广东口岸共发现5723名发热病例，其中985例为输入性流感病例，检出率为17.21%。共呈现5个流行高峰，分别为2009年6-8月，以季节性甲型流感为主；2009年10-12月，以甲型H1N1流感（2009）为主；2010年7-9月，以季节性甲型流感为主；2010年12月-2011年2月，以甲型H1N1流感（2009）为主；2011年12月-2012年2月，以季节性乙型流感为主。甲型H1N1流感（2009）在19岁以下人群检出率较高，季节性甲型流感以50岁以上人群检出率最高，季节性乙型流感则以19岁以下及50岁以上人群检出率较高。结论 2009年5月至2012年2月期间，广东口岸入境流感病例中同时有甲型H1N1流感（2009）、季节性甲型流感以及季节性乙型流感的流行，并呈现相互交替的流行特征。不同流感类型在各年龄层分布不同，与性别无关。

　　关键词：输入性流感；口岸；监测；分析

　　中图分类号：R183.3   文献标识码：B

　　Analysis of the monitoring results of imported influenzacases

　　at Guangdong ports from 2009 to 2012

　　HONG Ye， SHI Yong-xia， LIU Li-shan， HUANG Ji-cheng， XING Lu-qin，ZHENG Kui， DAI Jun

　　Guangdong Inspection and Quarantine Technical Center， GuangdongEntry-exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau，Guangzhou， Guangdong510623， China

　　Abstract：Objective  To analyze the epidemiologicalcharacteristics of imported influenza cases at Guangdong ports fromMay， 2009 to February， 2012， and to provide a scientific basis forinfluenza surveillance， prevention and control at ports. Methods The nasopharyngeal swabs of the passenger who had got a feverwere collected at twenty-five Guangdong ports from May， 2009 toFebruary， 2012， the influenza virus were detected and typed by thereal-time RT-PCR method. And the prevalence of the different typeof influenza-positive cases were analyzed by Excel and SPSS 18.0.Results  A total of 5 723 nasopharyngeal swabs were detectedby the laboratory between May， 2009 and February， 2012. In which，985 samples were influenza positive with the detection rate 17.21%.There were five peaks. The first was mainly the seasonal influenzaA in June to August， 2009. The second was mainly the pandemicinfluenza A H1N1 （2009） in October， to December， 2009. The thirdwas mainly the seasonal influenza A  in July， toSeptember，

　　2010. The fourth peak was mainly the the pandemic influenza AH1N1 （2009） in December， 2010 to February， 2011. The seasonalinfluenza B was mainly respected for the fifth peak in December，2011 to February， 2012. The pandemic influenza AH1N1 （2009） caseswere detected most in the 0 to 19 age group. The highest detectionrate of seasonal influenza A was more than 50 age group， while theseasonal influenza B was in the 0 to 19 age group and more than 50age group. Conclusion  The pandemic influenza A H1N1 （2009）viruses， seasonal influenza A viruses， and seasonal B influenzaviruses were found in the imported influenza positive cases fromGuangdong ports， and they occurred to be the dominant causativeagents responsible for seasonal influenza epidemics in differentperiods， from May， 2009 to February， 2012. Variations of thedistribution of influenza were found to exist in different agegroups， but no difference in the influenza positive rates and thetype of influenza ratios in female and male.

　　Key words： Imported influenza； Port； Surveillance； Analysis

　　《中国国境卫生检疫杂志》2014年3期