2013年首都机场口岸医学媒介生物监测结果分析

    张楠1,2,阎黎2,刘远2,陈晓龙2,王德伟2,陈亦农2,于倍2,朱文丽1

　　1. 北京大学公共卫生学院, 北京  100191;  2. 北京出入境检验检疫局

　　摘要:目的   通过研究首都机场口岸鼠、蚊、蝇、蜚蠊4类医学媒介生物, 掌握其种类构成及季节消长情况,为口岸媒介生物控制提供科学依据。方法   鼠类调查采用鼠夹(笼)法及粘鼠板法, 蚊类采用CO2诱蚊灯收集法,蝇类采用诱蝇笼诱捕法, 蜚蠊采用粘捕法, 对捕获的鼠类、成蚊、蝇类和蜚蠊进行分类鉴定及统计分析。结果  捕获鼠形动物20只, 经鉴定隶属于1目1种2属2种, 其中小家鼠17只、褐家鼠3只, 平均鼠密度为0.28%;捕获成蚊11?457只, 经鉴定隶属于1科2亚科3属5种, 以淡色库蚊和三带喙库蚊为主, 年均蚊密度为39.78只/灯·h;捕获成蝇2?993只, 经鉴定隶属于4科16属33种, 以麻蝇、大头金蝇为主, 平均蝇密度为14.25只/笼·d; 捕获蜚蠊51只,经鉴定隶属于2科2属2种, 德国小蠊为优势种, 平均蜚蠊密度为0.02只/张·d。结论  本次调查较全面的掌握了首都机场医学媒介生物情况, 为积极开展口岸医学媒介生物防制工作提供了科学资料。

　　关键词:口岸; 媒介生物; 构成; 季节消长; 监测

　　中图分类号:R184.3   文献标识码:B

　　Investigation on medical vectors at Capital InternationalAirport

　　ZHANG Nan*, YAN Li, LIU Yuan, CHEN Xiao-Long, WANG De-Wei, CHENYi-Nong, YU Bei, ZHU Wen-li

　　*School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191,China

　　Abstract:   Objective   To understand the background,population distribution, and seasonal dynamics of medical vectorsat Capital International Port, and to provide control evidence atports.   Methods   The cage ensnarement and spring clipmethod were used to investigate mouse, the mosquito lamp method wasinduced for mosquito, the fly cage mathod was used to capture fly,the cassette trapping law was used to catch cockroach, and all thevectors were classified and analyzed. Results   A total of 20rodents were identified as Rattus norvegicus and Mus musculus, andthe average density of the rodents was 0.28%. A total of 11?457mosquitoes were captured and were dominainted as culex pipienspallens and culex tritaeniorhynchus, and the average density ofmosquito was 39.78/lamp·h. The flies were dominanted asSarcophagidae and Chrysomyia megacephala, and the average densityof flies was 14.25/cage·d. Blattella germanica, was the dominatespecies, and the average density was 0.02/page·d.   Conclusion  We find out the population distribution, and seasonaldynamics of the medical vector at Capital International Airport.This information is very helpful for us to prevent and eliminatethe medical vectors at the airport.

　　Key words:   Ports; Medical vector; Distribution; Seasonaldynamics; Mornitor《中国国境卫生检疫杂志》2014年2期